INVESTIGATION INTO THE FLOTATION OF OXIDIZED AND MIXED COPPER ORES USING A COLLECTOR REAGENT
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This paper investigates the flotation technology of refractory oxidized and mixed copper ores (malachite, azurite, chrysocolla) using activating reagents. The study provides a systematic analysis of the operational experience of major global mining enterprises—Kansanshi and Bozshakol—with annual processing capacities ranging from 1.5 to 40 million tons of ore, and evaluates the efficiency of sodium sulfide (Na₂S) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) reagents used in these plants. The scientific mechanisms underlying the formation of an artificial sulfide film on the mineral surface are detailed, alongside the principles of CPS (Controlled Potential Sulphidisation) technology, which automatically regulates sulfide ion concentration via electrochemical potential (Eh). Furthermore, the interaction of strong collectors, such as potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) and potassium butyl xanthate (PBX), with the activated mineral surface, as well as methods to mitigate mineral depression, are highlighted. The proposed technological solutions offer a significant increase in metal recovery rates from oxidized copper resources.
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