RESEARCH ON THE POSSIBILITIES OF EXTRACTING RARE METALS FROM TECHNOGENIC SOLUTIONS
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In this study, the possibility of selective separation of rare metals such as dysprosium (Dy), molybdenum (Mo) and tellurium (Te) from technogenic solutions formed as a result of washing process gases at the copper smelter of the Almalyk MMC JSC was evaluated on a thermodynamic basis. Potential–pH (E–pH) diagrams for each metal were generated using the FactSage program, and stable phases were identified. The analyses showed that Dy could be separated in an alkaline medium (pH>7.5) as Dy₂O₃, Te in an oxidizing neutral environment (pH=5–8, E=0.5–0.7 V) as TeO₂, and Mo in the pH range 5–9 (E=0.0–0.5 V) as MoO₂. The properties of the precipitated phase and the effect of competing ions were studied for each element, and the optimal conditions for selective separation were determined. In particular, it was demonstrated that the selectivity of Dy can be increased by using masking reagents (EDTA, citrate), Te can be separated in the first stage by controlling the oxidizing power, and Mo can be precipitated against the background of other metals using phase differences. The results of the research are of great importance in the direction of efficient separation of economically important components from technogenic solutions and the development of waste-free technologies.
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