MODERN HYDROMETALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PROCESSING OF COBALT-CONTAINING CAKES
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The article analyzes modern hydrometallurgical methods for extracting cobalt from intermediate products of zinc production. Particular attention is paid to filter cakes with a cobalt content of 0.5–3.0% and a zinc content of 40–60%. The formation of these intermediate products, their environmental hazards, and the possibility of extracting cobalt, cadmium, and zinc from them through processing in the metallurgical industry are considered. Selective acid leaching, oxidative precipitation, and ammonia-sulfate leaching were compared. An analysis of previous research shows that controlling the pH and redox potential allows for the dissolution of over 90% of the zinc while retaining most of the cobalt in the solid residue. By oxidizing Co2+ to Co3+, it is possible to obtain a product containing over 50% cobalt and a solution with a residual metal concentration below 1 mg/L. Ozone at a pH of 4.0 ensures the precipitation of over 98% of the cobalt but incurs high operational costs. It is concluded that when selecting a technology, one must consider the selectivity of metal separation, reagent consumption, the feasibility of recycling solutions back into the production cycle, and the environmental consequences of processing the filter cakes.
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