MINERALOGICAL AND PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF GOLD ORES OF THE AYTIM ORE FIELD
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The article presents a comprehensive study of the petrography of ore-hosting rocks, hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations, the material composition of gold and sulfide mineralization, and mineral associations of the Aytim ore field. The study is based on petrographic examination of 48 transparent thin sections using polarized-light microscopy, mineragraphic analysis of polished ore sections, and interpretation of 133 electron-microprobe determinations. The results indicate that the ore field is dominated by metamorphosed tuffogenic-terrigenous rocks of the Koksoy Formation, accompanied by sericite-chlorite and carbonaceous schists, carbonate rocks, quartz-carbonate breccias, and intensely altered granite-porphyry. Sericitization, chloritization, silicification, and carbonatization are identified as the principal hydrothermal-metasomatic processes. Gold occurs predominantly as fine-dispersed grains ranging from 0.0048 to 0.024 mm in size and is spatially associated with the margins of sphalerite grains, fine quartz veinlets, and carbonaceous matter. The pyrite-arsenopyrite assemblage represents an early sulfide stage, whereas the chalcopyrite-sphalerite-galena-sternbergite-stephanite assemblage characterizes a later gold-polysulfide stage. The obtained results provide a basis for establishing integrated lithological, structural, and mineralogical criteria for predicting gold mineralization and guiding further exploration and evaluation activities.
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