DETERMINATION OF NON-ERODING FLOW VELOCITY IN CHANNELS WITH COHESIVE SOIL BEDS
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This article investigates the improvement of methods for determining non-eroding flow velocity and assessing the hydraulic stability of channel beds and side slopes composed of cohesive soils. The main objective of the study is to develop an improved calculation method for determining critical erosion velocity by considering the physicomechanical properties of cohesive soils, hydrodynamic flow characteristics, and geometric parameters of the channel cross-section. The effects of soil cohesion, aggregate size, turbulent pressure fluctuations, and hydraulic resistance on channel erosion processes are analyzed. Existing calculation methods, including the approaches proposed by Mirtxhulava and Borovkov, are examined, and their applicability to trapezoidal channels is assessed. The study used six soil samples with disturbed structure tested under laboratory conditions and three samples collected in field conditions. To account for the geometric features of trapezoidal channels, an additional parameter characterizing the ratio of wetted perimeter to water surface width was introduced into the Borovkov formula. A comparison of calculated critical velocity values with experimental data showed that the modified formula provides results closer to the experimental values than the original calculation method. The proposed approach is practically important for assessing the erosion resistance of channels with cohesive soils, reducing channel deformation, and ensuring hydraulically stable design of irrigation channels.
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